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' is a Latin phrase that means "through my fault" and is an acknowledgement of having done wrong. Grammatically, ' is in the ablative case, with an instrumental meaning. The phrase comes from a prayer of confession of sinfulness, known as the ''Confiteor'', used in the Roman Rite at the beginning of Mass or when receiving the sacrament of Penance. The expression is used also as an admission of having made a mistake that should have been avoided, and may be accompanied by beating the breast as in its use in a religious context. If, for instance, a sports player admits that his team lost a game because he missed an opportunity to score, this acknowledgement may be called a ''mea culpa''. In the United States, "my bad" might be used in such circumstances. == Religious use == In the present form of the ''Confiteor'' as used in the celebration of Mass, ''mea culpa'' is said three times, the third time with the addition of the adjective ''maxima'' ("very great", usually translated as "most grievous"), and is accompanied by the gesture of beating the breast. : Many different forms of the ''Confiteor'' have been in use over the centuries. That adopted for the Roman Rite in 1969 is as follows According to Adrian Fortescue, the inclusion in the ''Confiteor'' of the phrase ''mea culpa'' can be traced back only to the 16th century.〔Fortescue, A. (1908). ("History of the ''confiteor''" ) in ''Catholic Encyclopedia''. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved March 4, 2009〕 However, the Latin phrase ''mea culpa'' was used, even in an English context, earlier than that. Geoffrey Chaucer's 14th-century ''Troilus and Criseyde'' uses it in a way that shows it was already a traditional religious phrase: Although the ''Confiteor'' was not then part of the Mass, it was used in administering the sacrament of Penance. In some forms it already included the phrase ''mea culpa''. Thus the 9th-century ''Paenitentiale Vallicellanum II'' had a thrice-repeated ''mea culpa'' (without ''maxima'') in its elaborate form of the ''Confiteor''. In about 1220, the rite of public penance in Siena for those who had committed murder required the penitent to throw himself on the ground three times, saying: ''Mea culpa; peccavi; Domine miserere mei'' ("Through my fault. I have sinned. Lord, have mercy on me"). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「mea culpa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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